[ last update: 05.01.2011 ]

The (new) Cadillac Database©

The Cadillac V-16

Series 452-452A
1930-1931

Part 3(a)
Fleetwood  "41..." Styling Codes

Return to The (New) Cadillac Database© Index Page
or to the "V-16" index page

 

FRFLAG.JPG (773 bytes)
(en bas de page se trouve un résumé en français)

 

madamx2.jpg (3707 bytes)    Photo Chatterton  Mmx_film.jpg (7234 bytes)
Right: Early Madame X actress,  Pauline Frederick
Center: Ruth Chatterton who played the title role in 1929, when Earl sought a moniker for his new car
Left: Madame X movie poster; this version starred Lana Turner and John Forsythe

 

 

 

The Madame X1 sixteens


Madame X  is the central female character in a popular stage-play/film of the late twenties.  She was mysterious, intriguing and exciting.  There have been many screen plays based on that former stage version, including one with Lana Turner and John Forsythe (above billboard) and another with Tuesday Weld and Granville Van Dusen. The theme centers around a politician's wife who accidentally kills her lover; her mother-in-law forces her into hiding to prevent her son's career from being ruined.

Madame X is also the title of a painting by America's most renowned portraitist, John Singer Sargent.  The name of that Parisian socialite was Madame Pierre Gatreau and the fact that she lived a half century before the first Cadillac V-16 rolled off the production line suggests she had no bearing on the choice of the name Madame X for this bespoke Cadillac model.

The story goes that Harley Earl saw the play at the old Fisher Theater, across the street from the GM building in downtown Detroit.  After the show he went backstage (as he was wont to do) to chat with the cast members.  There he met Pauline Fredericks, who had played the leading role.  She so impressed him that he decided to name a new Cadillac body style for her;  he could have called the car the Cadillac Fredericks or the Cadillac Ruth;  instead, he chose the name Madame X

The car was a special, formal limousine-landaulet, designed  by Earl and presumably built by Fleetwood   although neither carried  the usual Fleetwood "Job #" on a body tag   (the factory data sheet for both cars bear the signatures of GM President Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. and Fred J. Fisher). Two units were built, obviously to special order, on chassis #336340 that left the factory May 3, 1929 and #337668 that was shipped May 29, 1929.  Both were mounted on the Cadillac 314-B (V8) chassis; they used special, 18-inch spoked wheels with 7:00 x 18  U.S. Royal tires. 

It is possible that one of these bodies was subsequently mounted on the first V-16 chassis exhibited at the New York auto show of 1930 [RH photo, below], #700004. It was later removed (reason unknown) and mounted  on V-16 chassis #700821; at that time it got a new coupienne, fabric-grained, light-colored leather roof covering.

30mmexb.jpg (8579 bytes)
Chassis #336340 or #337668 ... or neither of these?
This one has hood louvers typical of 1930 Cadillac & LaSalle cars

1stmmx.jpg (13396 bytes)    V6p108cc.jpg (13773 bytes)
Left: one of two Harley Earl's custom Madame X models mounted on the 1929 Cadillac (or LaSalle?) V8 chassis
Right:  The first V-16, on show in New York,  Jan. 1930 (said to be style #4108C
but the car did not feature the light-colored roof covering typical of that Fleetwood style)

 

Some sources - including Earl himself, who asserted as much in an interview he gave in 1954 - contend that the first Madame X was built on a La Salle chassis;  however, the wheel covers on the car (unfortunately not visible in the above, compressed digital image) carry the Cadillac crest, not the La Salle logo.  In my opinion, therefore, the car was indeed a Cadillac and not a La Salle.

A rare car such as this model would be unlikely to just "disappear".  As stated above, I have a feeling that the body may have been subsequently removed from the V8 chassis and put on the first V-16 chassis readied for the New York show in January, 1930, with the new V-16 hood featuring five louver doors. 

Many Cadillac experts would like to include in the Madame X category only the type with the flat, raked windshield, built in Detroit.  In my opinion, however, because the first (or prototype) Madame X  car [photo above, left] had the almost vertical "V" windshield and the rare, split instrument panel, all the Pennsylvania-built sixteens with the same windshield and dash panel must have an equal claim to the Madame X designation.

Flt_plnt.jpg (9649 bytes)    Fl_Plant36.jpg (14116 bytes)
Left: The old Fleetwood plant in the town of Fleetwood, PA
Right:  the modern plant in 1936

 

Sixteen-cylinder Cadillacs with the Madame X designation in the Master Parts List are the rarest and most expensive of the first generation sixteens of 1930-31. They cost $1000 more, each, than the counterpart Fleetwood styles with Job/Style numbers beginning "43...".

 

1.  Madame X   cars with a vertical,"V"-windshield

The earliest Madame X sixteens were built in Fleetwood, PA, from December 1929 up to the spring months of 1930.   These feature an almost vertical, split-"V" windshield and an equally "split" instrument board grouping a number of the instruments in front of the driver and the remainder in front of the passenger (the owner/operator's manual does not specify whether two competent drivers were required  to be seated in the front compartment whenever the care was under way!). My guess is that a score or more of these "V"-windshield types were built before Fleetwood ceased building cars at the old Pennsylvania plant. My guess is that the "V" windshield types all have engine/chassis numbers in the range from #700001 to about #701700 [I have a photo of a "V"-windshield style #4175 with engine/chassis #7001659; it was built in May, 1930].

V641sfea.jpg (12263 bytes)    V630pnl1.jpg (8099 bytes)
Left: common styling characteristics of  Madame X cars built in Fleetwood, PA, are an almost vertical,
split "V" windshield (1). a the horizontal belt molding (2), and a horizontal sill (3); these cars have also the rare,
split instrument panel [photo, right] in which part of the instruments are placed in front of the driver
while the remainder face the front passenger seat

 

2.  Flat, raked windshield

(b) the later, more common version, built in Detroit, MI, starting in April 1930, featuring a flat windshield raked back at an angle of 18º from vertical and an engine-turned instrument panel on which the instruments are grouped in an oval display in the center.  This is the panel found on all other sixteens of 1930-31, with the exception  of one known custom job built by the Dutch/British coach-builders Van den Plas (the latter car is described in this section.

 

      V641vfae.jpg (12364 bytes)    V630pnl2.jpg (8719 bytes)
Left: common styling characteristics of  Madame X cars built in Detroit, MI,  are a flat, slanted windshield (1).
again a the horizontal belt molding (2), and again a horizontal sill (3); these cars have the more common
V-16 dash panel [photo, right] in which the instruments and gauges all are grouped in the center

MMEXWIN.JPG (6635 bytes)    MMX_SILL.JPG (8676 bytes)   
Here again are the two principal styling features of the Detroit-built
Madame X models: the flat, slanted  windshield (left) and the horizontal body sill (right)

 

Although Fleetwood organized and kept a thorough record of production of all sixteen cylinder Cadillac models by job number [Pennsylvania cars] or style number [Michigan cars], nonetheless, they appear to have failed to distinguish between the Fleetwood-built and the Detroit-built Madame X cars, although, as you can see, there is a striking difference between them. 

The oldest piece of advertising material I have seen on the Sixteens is an album of photos of artist's renderings of Fleetwood proposals for the new V-16 chassis; I saw it in the Thomas McKean collection of the Free Library of Philadelphia, in 1982. The latter contained 40 artist's renderings including [in that order] styles #4130-S with "V" windshield, #4130 with "V" windshield, #4130-S with slanting windshield, #4130 with slanting windshield, #4155-S with "V" windshield, #4155-SC with "V" windshield, #4161-S with slanting windshield, #4175-S with "V" windshield, #4161-S with slanting windshield [second view], #4175 with "V" windshield, #4175-S with slanting windshield, #4175 with slanting windshield, #4207, #4208, #4212-C, #4220-B, #4225-C, #4235 with top down, #4235 with top up, #4264, #4264-B, #4280 with top down, #4280 with top up, #4291, #4302, #4312, #4320, #4325, #4330, #4330-S, #4335, #4355-S, #4355, #4355-C, #4361-S, #4375-S, #4375, #4376, #4380, #4391.

That large Photo Album, with a leatherette cover and embossed Cadillac crest contains only photos of artist's views of the various Fleetwood proposals; there are no designer's drawings nor photos of any completed cars.  Proposed styles are listed in three columns, in the order shown below:

[1st column] #4161-S, #4130, # 4130-S, #4155, #4155-S, #4175 and #4175-S (i.e. the Madame X cars);

[2nd column] #4235, #4276, #4212, #4220, #4225, #4291, #4264 and #4264-B (although these became the coach sill styles, many of the original artist's drawings still show the cars with straight, horizontal sills);

[3rd column] #4302, #4380, #4335 (i.e. the convertible styles), #4376, #4381 (i.e. the coupe styles), #4361-S, #4330, #4330-S, #4355, #4355-S, #4375, #4375-S (i.e. the sedan and limousine styles), #4312, #4320, #4325 and #4391 (i.e. the town cars and town broughams).  

In addition to the photos of the artist's renderings are some detailed descriptions of the more popular body features, both inside and out. They appear in the following order: V-16 engine, description of style #4302,  picture thereof, description of style #4260, picture thereof, description of style #4380, picture thereof [3 views], description of style #4276, picture thereof [with coach sill but wrong belt molding], description of style #4235, pictures thereof [with top up and top down; incorrect belt molding], description of style #4335, picture thereof, description of style #4376, picture thereof, description of style #4381, picture [this model only became available in the fall of 1930], description of style #4330-S, picture thereof, description of style #4130, picture thereof [with slanting windshield], description of style #4355-S, picture thereof [this model has 2 concealed package compartments in the rear quarters], description of style #4375-S, picture thereof, description of style #4175, picture thereof [with slanting windshield], description of style #4312, picture thereof, description of style #4212, picture thereof, description of style #4220, picture thereof, description of style #4320, picture thereof, description of style #4225, picture thereof, description of style #4325,  picture thereof, description of style #4291,  picture thereof, description of style #4391, picture thereof, description of style #4264-B, picture thereof [with case work -  specifications say that special hand painted cane work is applied on the lower rear doors and quarter panels].

4264bdg.jpg (11012 bytes)    Fr_cane.jpg (8407 bytes)
The style drawing [left] was prepared by the author by adding
French cane work to the official designer's drawing for style #4264-B

[ RH image: full size design, from France's l'Auto Carrosserie, circa 1929 ]

 

With the exception of  Fleetwood style #4175, I have found no indication anywhere of the precise number of the following Pennsylvania-built jobs with the almost vertical, "V" windshield and split instrument panel:  #4130, #4130-S, #4155 and  #4155-S. Therefore, I have based my estimate of production numbers on the known ratio for style #4175, that is roughly 1:5, the lower figure being the one for the Pennsylvania-built cars.  In addition, as stated above, I believe that all the "V" windshield cars probably have a chassis/engine number lower than #701700.

Listed below, in ascending order of rarity, are drawings that illustrate the different body types built by Fleetwood on the new V-16 chassis for 1930-31.  The majority of these line drawings are from the envelope of drawings that came with the superb catalog, below, illustrating the new models. That envelope contained around thirty such drawings on tracing paper (the number and selection of these drawings varies from one catalog to another). The latter has become such a rare item today that it is difficult to draw up a precise list of all the drawings that were thus available.  Thanks to vee-sixteen aficionado, Craig Watrous, who shared with me his knowledge of early V-16 styling.  In this section of the Cadillac Database©, I believe you will ALL the official drawings, plus a few more that I put together from bits of other drawings

30_16a.jpg (4176 bytes)    4175AA.JPG (7719 bytes)
(Left) Cover of the prestige catalog of 1930 V-16 models; at right :  sample line drawing
[enlarged, compared to catalog cover], drawn  from the envelope of designer drawings
[ these ranged in number from the upper twenties to the mid-thirties; I'm guessing
that new designs were added as production progressed, e.g.  1931 style #4381 ]

 

The drawings below are slightly modified, with a view to standardizing this presentation and for greater image clarity, I took the liberty of deleting the interior plan drawings, the captions and the original window "shading".  In addition, where a particular drawing was missing or did not appear to have been provided by the factory, I tried to create my own interpretation of a given body style by making a montage from parts of other drawings, integrating such modifications as needed.

Below this table are some artist's renderings of many of the body styles in this section, as well as factory photos.  If you click here you will be able to access a separate page with descriptions and photos of surviving sixteens of 1930-31.

Some "expert" sources [e.g. Old Cars Price Guide,  self-styled Definitive Publication for Enthusiasts, Collectors and Dealers] continue to include convertibles, phaetons, town cars  and 2-door coupes among the Madame X models. These most definitely are not in the Madame X category.  There are no open-bodied Madame X styles [except for the partly convertible landaulet styles], nor are there any 2-door cars in this group.  Of note is the fact that a few unique, custom V-16 coupes effectively are described in the Cadillac Master Parts List (MPL) as having a Madame X-type (slanting) windshield - even though some Madame X cars were built in Pennsylvania and have a vertical "V" windshield .  The latter do not enjoy full Madame X status.

All 1930-31 Madame X styles, without exception,  have a styling code that begins with initial digits "41...".  In addition, all of them, again without exception, are 4-door sedans and limousines for 5 and 7 passengers.  Some of them have a collapsible roof portion over the rear quarters;  the latter, landaulet styles were among the first Madame X sixteens to be built. 

A rare few, full-fledged Madame X models were built also in 1932 and 1933; all of them were built in Detroit.  They are listed at the foot of this table.

 

The models listed below
are the only,
true Madame X cars

Style 4175 (Detroit style) [86 units]:  5-passenger limousine.  Cost $7525. Article in SIA106, p.34. There are a few survivors.

4175.jpg (8325 bytes)
Easy ID: plain metal roof, large quarter windows, flat, 
18º slanting windshield, instruments grouped  in center of oval panel,
division glass, full-width, folding auxiliary seating

 

Style 4175-S [47 units]:  All these 7-passenger sedans were built in Detroit.  Cost $7225.  Again, there may be a number of survivors.

4175.jpg (8325 bytes)
Easy ID: identical in outward appearance to Fleetwood
style 4175 (Detroit style), above, but with no
division glass nor any auxiliary seating

 

Style 4161-S [43 units]:  All these close-coupled 5-passenger sedans were built in Detroit. Cost $6950. Article in CC&CC 6/1981, cover and pp.36-42, details include "unidentified" V-16 logo, Heron hood ornament, flat windshield, chrome hood ventilators, rear interior door panel, rear seat, rear quarter panel storage compartment, instrument, panel, engine, engraved rear view mirror back, wire wheel, running boards, door handles. At least one known survivor (the one in the foregoing article).

4161Sb.JPG (7338 bytes)
Easy ID:   plain metal roof, semi-blank rear quarters (no
quarter windows),  flat,  18º slanting  windshield,  centered
oval instrument panel, no division glass, no auxiliary seating

 

Style 4130-S (Detroit style) [circa  37-39 units]:  5-passenger sedan.  Cost $7300.   Article in SIA106, p.34.  At least one survivor.

4130s2.jpg (8168 bytes)
Easy ID: plain metal roof, small quarter windows, flat,
18º slanting windshield, centered oval instrument
panel, no division glass, no auxiliary seating

 

Style 4175 (Fleetwood PA style) [24 units]:  7-passenger limousine.  Cost $7525. One known survivor.

4175dgv.jpg (11448 bytes)
Easy ID
: plain metal roof, large quarter windows,
vertical "V" windshield, split instrument panel, 
division glass, full-width, folding auxiliary seating

 

Style 4130 (Detroit style) [circa 10-12 units]:  5-passenger limousine (with division).  Cost $7300. Article in SIA106, p.34.  Some survivors, including one in France that belonged to the late Serge Pozzoli.  I took photos of the car at the Musée du Gérier, near Paris].

4175.jpg (8325 bytes)
Easy ID: similar in appearance to Fleetwood
style 4130 (Detroit-style), above, but with
division glass and auxiliary seating

 

Style 4130-S (Fleetwood PA style) [circa 10-12 units]:  5-passenger sedan. Cost $7300.  One possible survivor [have a photo].

4130VDG.JPG (10591 bytes)
Easy ID: similar in appearance to Fleetwood
style 4130 (Pennsylvania style), below, but
without division glass and auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155 (Detroit style) [circa 7-8 units]:  5-passenger formal limousine (with division).  Cost $7350.  Article in SIA106, p.34.  No known survivors.

4155s2.jpg (8696 bytes)
Easy ID: leather-covered metal roof, blank rear quarters (no
quarter windows),  flat,  18º slanting windshield, centered oval
instrument panel,  division glass, light-weight auxiliary seating

 

Style 4130 (Fleetwood PA style) [circa 5-7 units]:  5-passenger limousine (with division).  Cost $7300.  One possible survivor [have a photo].

4130s2.jpg (8168 bytes)
Easy ID: plain metal roof, small quarter windows,
vertical "V" windshield, split instrument panel,
division glass, light-weight auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155-S (Detroit style) [circa 5-6 units]:  5-passenger formal sedan.  Cost $7125. Article in SIA106, p.34.

4155s2.jpg (8696 bytes)
Easy ID: leather-covered metal roof,  flat,  18º
slanting  windshield, centered oval instrument
panel, no division glass no  auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155-C [5 units]: Detroit-built 5-passenger formal limousine-landaulet.  Cost $7350.  Article in SIA106, p.34. One survivor located in Zürich, Switzerland. Was once converted to a fire-truck then, later, back to its (almost) original state.  Many photos.

4155SDG.JPG (10494 bytes)

V6_4155c.jpg (7062 bytes)
Easy ID: similar in appearance to Fleetwood
style 4155S (Detroit style), above, but with
division glass, auxiliary seating and
folding quarters over the rear seat.

 

Style 4108-C [4 units]: this is a Pennsylvania-built, 5-passenger formal landaulet-limousine without quarter windows; it is also similar in appearance to style 4155C, above.  It too has a folding roof portion over the rear quarters.  In fact the New York show car is an almost exact replica of Harley Earl's 1929 custom job [photographed at the top of this page]; I am inclined to believe that one of these four units was fitted with the body from Earl's 1929 "prototype" creation.  Also, I am assuming that these four jobs initially were labeled 4155-C, since the body numbers are in the same series with the "4155" group; they may have been assigned the new style number (4108-C) after receiving a special, light-colored fabric-grained leather roof covering (coupienne), a job which I believe was done by Don Lee in California. These tops were copied from a special Cadillac V8 model by Fleetwood that had been displayed at the Paris salon in October 1930; it was labeled style 4208 owing to its curved, or "coach" sill.  Of the four Madame X imperial landaulet cars built in Fleetwood, PA, one of them - presumably body #1 - was the first vee-sixteen to be completed, ready for show in New York in January 1930; as I said before, I believe it could have had the body off Earl's 1929 prototype.  At the NY show it had still the regular, black leather roof covering. This style, like all Madame X sixteens with the vertical, split-"V" windshield features a two-part instrument panel; half of the gauges and instruments are placed in front of the driver; the other half are located in front of the front seat passenger.  There is a division and partition glass between the front and rear compartments, as well as two, light-weight, folding auxiliary seats; the left one faces right, the right one faces the rear.  This car cost circa $10000 in 1930 [$9988 to be precise]. Only four were built; only one of them is known to have survived.  The full story of the latter car  was published in CC&CC, 8/1986, pp.34-40 and in CLC the same month.  The car remained for many years in the collection of Dave Towell, a Cadillac dealer in Akron, OH.  As I recall, he said he had acquired it from the family of the first owner.  I was fortunate to be able to admire it when I visited Dave in 1978.  The car was subsequently acquired by Steven Nanini of Tucson, AZ; he painstakingly restored it to its initial glory.  Among the photos published with the two mentioned articles are, inter alia, the front ensemble, the robe cord, vanity case, clock and smoker's case, the engine, landaulet top down, grille badge and door handles.  Interestingly, the latter were mounted upside down during the meticulous restoration process; fortunately, that mistake was subsequently corrected. :Click here for a more detailed account about this rare model.

4108cdgx.JPG (12953 bytes)

V6_4108c.jpg (6983 bytes)
Easy ID: light-colored top, folding over the rear seat
area, vertical "V" windshield, split instrument
panel, division glass,  light-weight auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155-SC [2 units]:  Detroit-built 5-passenger formal landaulet-sedan.  Cost $7350.  Neither is believed to have survived.

4155SDG.JPG (10494 bytes)

V6_4155c.jpg (7062 bytes)
Easy ID: similar in appearance to Fleetwood
style 4155C, above, but without
division glass and auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155 (Fleetwood PA style) [circa 1-2 units]: 5-passenger limousine (with division). Cost $7350.  No known survivors.

4155V2.JPG (9397 bytes)
Easy ID: leather-covered metal roof, blank rear
quarters (no quarter windows), vertical "V"
windshield, split instrument panel, division
glass, light-weight auxiliary seating

 

Style 4155-S (Fleetwood PA style) [circa 1-2 units]:  5-passenger formal sedan.  Cost $7125.   No known survivors.

4155V2.JPG (9397 bytes)
Easy ID: similar in appearance to Fleetwood
style 4155 (Fleetwood PA style), above, but without
division glass and auxiliary seating

 

Style 4161 [unique]:  Detroit-built, close-coupled 5-passenger limousine.  Cost estimated around $7500. This car is not known to have survived.

4161Sb.JPG (7338 bytes)
Easy ID: identical in outward appearance to Fleetwood style #4161-S,
above, but no division glass inside

 

A rare few, authentic Madame X models were built in 1932 and 1933; all of them were built in Detroit.  They include:

Fleetwood style #5131 (5 units built in 1932)
Fleetwood style #5131-S (2 units built in 1932)
Fleetwood style #5155 (4 units built in 1932)
Fleetwood style #5155-C (1 unit built in 1932)
Fleetwood style #5165 (1 unit built in 1932)
Fleetwood style # 5531 (3 units built in 1933)
Fleetwood style #5531-S (1 units built in 1933)
Fleetwood style #5555 (2 units built in 1933)
Fleetwood style #5555-C (1 unit built in 1933)
Fleetwood style #5565 (4 unit built in 1933)

The styling features of the preceding cars will be addressed in the appropriate sections of the Database for 1932 and 1933

____________________________________
1 Not Madam X (without an "e") as held by some [CLC, 7/91, p.10] even though that spelling does appear thus, in error according to the late Phil Dumka, in Cadillac's own  Master Parts List dated January 2, 1934)
2
The product catalog for the early sixteen-cylinder cars includes an envelope with designer's drawings of the most common styles offered; the number and selection of these drawings appears to vary from one catalog to another and not all styles are represented so it is difficult to determine precisely the number and models thus illustrated; where there was no drawing, I have taken another one and modified it so as to try to represent the missing style; in some cases where neither designer's drawing, artist's rendering or factory photo exists, I have simply used my imagination; the latter drawings, therefore,  should not be considered "factory authentic".

 

 

 

FRFLAG.JPG (773 bytes)
(résumé en français)

Cette page contient (par ordre décroissant de la quantité produite) la liste des Cadillac à moteur V-16 dont le numéro de code du type commence par les chiffres "41...".  Chaque type de carrosserie est illustré par un dessin au trait tiré du catalogue d'époque des Cadiullac V-162

On reconnaît la plupart de ces modèles (1º) à leur bas de caisse horizontal, (2º) à leur ceinture de caisse horizontale et (3º) à leur parebrise dont il existe deux types très différents; le premier, installé sur les Cadillac V-16 sorties des ateliers Fleetwood de Pennsylvanie, est presque vertical, en deux parties formant un "V" très ouvert;le second est plat, d'un seul tenant et incliné [fuyant] à 18º de la verticale. Curieusement et malgré la différence énorme entre ces deux types, Fleetwood utilisa le même code pour chacun d'eux, qu'il s'agoisse du modèle à parebrise vertical, en "V", ou plat et fuyant.

Ces modèles sont à la gamme des Cadillac V-16 ce que sont aux Cadillac des années cinquante et soixante les modèles de la Série "Sixty Special"; ce sont des berlines de grand luxe. Leur prix était de $1000 supérieur au prix d'une carrosserie identique de le série "43..."

On peut admirer des photos de la plupart de ces modèles en cliquant sur la page qui résume toute la production des Cadillac V-16 de 1930-31, ainsi que dans la page réservée aux voitures qui ont survécu.
_________________________________
2
Le catalogue d'époque des Cadillac V-16 comporte une enveloppe contenant environ une trentaine de dessins au trait des carrosseries courantes [le nombre précis, de même que le choix de ces dessins varie d'un catalogue à l'autre et il est aujourd'hui devenu si rare qu'il n'est pas chose facile de dresser avec précision la liste de tous les dessins que pouvait renfermer ladite pochette]; toujours est-il qu'il n'existe pas de dessins pour tous les types de carrosseries; aussi, lorsque le dessin manque, j'ai utilisé un dessin existant auquel j'ai apporté les modifications nécessaires; dans certains cas j'ai dû faire appel à mon imagination.  Ne considérez donc pas ces "montages" comme  des dessins d'usine d'origine.

 

 

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© 1996, Yann Saunders and the Cadillac-LaSalle Club, Inc.
[ Background image: Grille badge from the 1930-31 Cadillac V-16 models ]